Fabrication of a Flexible, Transparent, and Durable 3D Neuroanatomical Model for Teaching Neuroanatomy using Silicone Rubber and Epoxy Resin

Neuroanatomy education relies heavily on cadaveric specimens, histological slides, and two-dimensional illustrations, which are limited by scarcity, lack of durability, and insufficient visualization of three-dimensional neuronal structures. To address these limitations, this study aimed to develop a flexible, transparent, and durable three-dimensional model of a neuron, incorporating labeled subcellular components, for hands-on neuroanatomy teaching. A master prototype of a neuron was first created on a polystyrene board, representing the cell body, axon, dendrites, and axon terminals. Silicone rubber molds were then prepared from the prototype, and epoxy resin casting was employed to fabricate the transparent cell body. Subcellular organelles—including the nucleus, mitochondria, and Nissl bodies—were modeled using colored polymer clay and embedded within the cell body. Axons and dendrites were constructed using pigment-coated wool threads and copper wire, while the myelin sheath was fabricated via a silicone mold and epoxy resin, with grooves simulating Schwann cell attachment sites. The assembled neuron model demonstrated clear visualization of all components, with excellent flexibility, transparency, and durability. The embedded organelles were distinctly visible, and color-coded labeling facilitated easy identification of neuronal structures. Compared to traditional teaching resources, this model offers a multi-scale, hands-on tool for understanding neuronal morphology, axonal and dendritic organization, and subcellular architecture. By combining cost-effective materials, reproducible fabrication techniques, and anatomical accuracy, the model represents a novel contribution to neuroanatomy education. This approach can be extended to fabricate other cellular or tissue models, providing a practical, durable, and pedagogically effective alternative for neuroscience teaching and research training.

Key Words: neuroanatomy, neuron model, 3D fabrication, silicone rubber, epoxy resin